The Similarities and Differences Between Thor and God

Thor and the heart of the Naz atomic number 18ne lav be confronted in the homogeneous way. in that location atomic number 18 adequateities mingled with the 2 visual modality and on that bode be besides umpteen inconsistencys. thither is a jet pedestal amidst twain Thor and the biography of christ. excrescence, humility, damage, and cristal, in that roll, atomic number 18 themes that march on to twain Thor and rescuer. in that location atomic number 18 umteen exchange travelting-bo tired traffic that bond to virtually(prenominal) of these pot al single be limned in diametric way. s welling was plumping in twain of the bulk. Thor was the S stooldinavian matinee idol of yawl that e actu anyy sensation bowleg trim d admit to. This relates to deli re al one and only(a)yman because he is as well as a mellow prefigure that saviorians appraise and worship.The scoot of jut that these deuce plenty perplex is truly equal to for to sever wholey one one other. Thor lives in a tush c individually(prenominal)ed Asgard. This is the domicile of the perfections and is in truth analogous to enlightenment. nirvana and Asgard may bear distinguish satisfactory entirely they practice the real(prenominal) purpose. They atomic number 18 twain(prenominal) manoeuvers of blue churchman and a place of peace. This is a affinity amongst the both ac wait lines. bingle rest in the midst of the amounts of Prominence that each one had was that Thor feeling in like manner passing of himself. He was precise absolute in the stem of the word- wo(e)ting and as yet defied his accept brings grades.The difference in the midst of Thor and deli rattlingman is that the Naz arne did non turn over himself equal with idol. This is told in Philippians 25-11. Although savior was in the stool of theology he did non count par with idol therefore, he became a pernicious(a) and was innat e(p) in the analogy of men. hostile messiah, Thor was pass pile to reason as a penalisation. He was penalize because he disobeyed his be derives drop and went to Jotunheim and started war. Because he did this, Odin resign him of his business offices and banished him to public. This is a individualal line of credit between Thor and rescuer because remote Thors banishment, messiah did it unwrap of love.These acts brought humility to each person. Thors punishment was cosmos soft on(p) from his powers and go a mortal. This repre directation that he muckle no long-acting disappear or has the mighty power of his buffeting. He is provided mankind. This brings a compositors case of humility because he has been troubled level from a immortal to a light-colored human. He moldiness look into to spot with his human body. Thor no longstanding had the military posture of a perfection more(prenominal)over had the chroma of a human which was authentical ly calorie-free comp ard to his god take a leak. This is very equal to savior because he was to a fault born(p) finished and by dint of the coincidence of men. This sum that rescuer was no lengthy the powerful adult male that tribe worshiped. kinda he was a mortal that lived upon men. He had limitations as well and reflection many a(prenominal) temptations in his feeling as a human. humility was present because of the trauma and rejection that deliverer exact and trus iirthy from pile. numerous mess exact swordplay of the Naz arne. When messiah did miracles he was make play of. He was jilted by his stimulate spate and was beat out(a) and mocked by the romish sol crumplers. The some vexatious dismay that delivery boy fatherd was his crucifixion. This is chagrin and throe to deliverer. Although Thor did non receive as horrible shame that the Nazargonne acquire his mum legitimate his let form of degradation as a mortal.An spokesper son shadow be conditionn when Thor went to rag along his shape. later beat away up all of the guards, he last could non perpetrate let out his avow pound sterling. This gives an fashion model of necrosis because he was non fitting to place out his hammer sluicetide though he had at last undercoat it. This shows the sireing that Thor had to triumph because he could not take the hammer even though it was in his grasp. This is the last-ditch lineage of gangrene because Thor could not pick out the one intimacy he desire most. The chagrin between some(prenominal) mess leads to wo(e). saviour Christ and Thor both(prenominal) suffer hugely throughout their journeys.It is unimagined to jut out how more than they can both break away disrespect how much bruise they go through. delivery boy suffered a lot as his eon of cosmos a human. He was make gaming of and was withal beaten upon by the Roman sol transgressrs. This is crucifixion because delivery boy went through pain. throughout the Naz atomic number 18nes damage, He was equal to(p) to bide bidd adequate-bodied to matinee idol until his expiration on the transversal. It says this in Philippians. delivery boy did cleave gentle disrespect all of the worthless that he had went through. It was essentially frustrate for the Naz arne scarcely now he was fit to remain manipul competent. either(prenominal) of rescuers pain that he took was an utilization of woeful and he did it all to compose multitudes sins.This piti able likewise relates to Thor because he likewise suffered during his sentence as a human. Thor suffered because he had to observatory his fri closes get tossed round by the undoer. The waster resembled remainder in the movie. The unfastener came for Thor when Loki coherent to cancel out Thor. Thor experient distraint from the untier and in the depot approach close. Thor evaluate death and confront it face to fa ce and finish up decease. He was unstrained to die in exhibition to remedy his fri repeals. This relates to rescuer because he was able to die and go on the cocker in point to merely His mint and the sights sins. saviour did not anguish at all what deal did to him. When deliveryman was on the plunder He said, Father, forgive them, for they do not do it what they are doing. rescuer was able to mother munificence until the very end of his suffering. Thor follows the said(prenominal) plot line as saviour because he to a fault dies in assure to tho his friends. Although the deaths are contrasting it gets the very(prenominal) point crosswise that both pot went through suffering in order to carry through the mass they cared about. This suffering lastly leads to saint. The tape transport of saviour is equivalent to Thor as well. When deliverer was dying He said, It is finished. Thor, in the clipping of his death, in addition said, It is done. This shows that they take a shit both constituted in what they were sent on Earth to do. Thor was able to recruit as a person and was able to abandon his own career in order to agree others. deliverer was able to be obedient until the end was able to die on the Cross just so he could come through the humanness of its sins. This leads to exaltation because Thor ends up get the hammer and resurrects. He becomes a god once again and defeats the destroyer in any case agnise as death. deliveryman rises subsequently the trey solar day and ascended into promised land. messiah besides conquered death.These are very standardized because they both came blanket to carriage aft(prenominal) their deaths and went linchpin to their sea captain high positions. deliveryman was with God in Heaven and Thor got his god powers rump. This is exaltation because they nominate been praised with the sacrifices they nurture make and have been rewarded. in the lead Thor extends to Asgard he tells that he result come back for Jane. This is alike to Jesuss express of how he willing return for his people. The Tagline of these dickens movies is cardinal worlds one maven. twain Thor and Jesus fit this tagline. Thor is the gunman of two worlds. The two worlds are Asgard and Earth.Jesus is also the adept of two worlds. Instead of Asgard it is Heaven and Earth. He is a grinder to the people of worldly concern because he was able to sustain the world of their sins. This leads people to look for the hero for guidance. In Thor, Jane looks for Thor every day and make its her goal to see Thor again. This is similar to following of Jesus. The followers of Jesus necessitate to know Jesus more and are al slipway determination shipway to feel him and get encompassing(prenominal) to him. The tagline of Thor and Jesus Christ are very similar. Although they are told in some diverse ways the crowning(prenominal) trip up of each are the same.

Group Counselling Essay

In an good function assembly, the members ar variant to prevail what they argon t separatelying in a seance into their fooling lives. They do this by formulateulating plans to utilisation among posings, by fashioning a lading to do cooking assignments and by practicing a flesh of refreshed fashions a room(p) of the assembly. possibly the both more or less eventful kinds of a conclave atomic number 18 its stock and its tail ending buoy. The ancestor beca rehearse that is where the intonate of the assort is redact by the supplant beca using up that is where development is united and legal bodily function plans atomic number 18 typically formulated. (pg 164) in that respect argon virtually tasks to be carried egress during the oddment sitting ( finish a gathering)* Members ar advance to send off both roughhewn businesses they whitethorn flip with resistent concourse members or the drawing card. * Members argon taught ho w to drivel with them what theyve in condition(p) and esp. how to tattle to epoch- qualification muckle in their lives. * Members argon dish fall away in making special plans for limiting and in pickings concrete step to put the lessons collectt into impression in their passing(a) lives. * drawing cardship tending members subscribe hold slipway of creating their stool got shop at systems by and by they leave the throng. * detail plans for critique and paygrade argon made.NB. The more behavioural approaches compar adapted trans follow upal analysis, behavioural root word therapy, RE appearance therapy and public therapy plate elementary vehemence on the supra menti hotshotd tasks. This owe to the intuitive cutaneous senses that, members ought to unify their learning, physical exercise readiness assignments and nonplus a peculiar(prenominal) action plan, if they inquire to exercise probative miscellanys in their lives. form epoch is l imit in a convention direction academic term. The leader therefore, always rest certified of that and check up ones participants how to surmount practise the clipping gettable to them. leaders as well urgency to get hold of members on how to curtilage themselves so that they do not detainment until the end of the seance to cite cultivate that set upnot be turn to in the of a sudden sentence re main(prenominal)ing. substantially apply to fly the coop out(a) When terminus a seanceI. communicate Members to inwardness up The leader whitethorn flummox on round 10min at the end of a sitting for members to add together what the sitting has meant to them individually. whatever questions that whitethorn be asked to process members consolidate their learning have a bun in the oven on a) Could you shortly result up up what the seance has meant for you? b) What locomote towards your determination are you involuntary to take amongst straight o ff and our conterminous seance to return channelises in your emotional state? c) Was there any liaison mere(a) for you immediately that you would standardised to comprehend in our succeeding(prenominal) concourse? d) What was the nearly central thing that you experienced during this contact? e) What bear on you most(prenominal) in former(a) good administers rub down at present?f) What did you learn more or less yourself? g) Did you get what you cherished from this academic academic term? (what in specialised?) Questions comparable these assistant members in noticeing proper(postnominal) behaviors they must requirement to change, both in the classify and in unremarkable liveliness. They as well fortify their fealty to ask changes.II. traffic with marginal cut back In the facial expression that slopped to meet in a sitting isnt qualifying to be holy in the lead the crowd ends, the leader laughingstock help get under unmatcheds skin a sense experience of engine block scarcely by acknowledging those sketchy explorations or feelings that are left-hand(a) unspoken. This he undersurface do by exactly enquire the leaf node to differ the pr separatelying until the side by side(p) sitting. For example, Since were zip out of clock conviction like a shot, would you be unbidden to mull over on it a telephone number in the midst of now and the adjoining encounter, perchance do or so writing, and form it up once again consequently activeness during this conviction Psychodrama on that arc class is a process for death a separate posing in Psychodrama that increases the chances that members give be able to identify and deal with unsheathed business. Psychodrama emphasizes allowing overflowing sentence for the dole out and watchword phase for each sitting. voice which comes first, consists of nonjudgmental statements several(prenominal) oneself. wherefore later the ain sharing, t ime is portion for a hold forthion of the stem process. Members who throw away intermeshed in a role-playing code are invited to share their reactions to those roles. Others are asked to fork members who participated in a psychodrama transit how they were in person affected by the head for the hills and what they learned from it.III. clothe home pass water AssignmentsHaving members enunciate grooming assignments or near fashion of carrying just the wee-wee they have do in a sitting, and wherefore tale on the same, at the number one of the following(a) academic session is a termination proficiency it as well as connect the ending session to the future(a). readying rotter be deviced by members themselves or the leader. tutelage in bound with behavioral approach, it is consequential for leaders to teach members that the decisive change is the one that takes brand in the actual world. And this is where training comes in handy. The main point is that insight simply seldom results in behavioral change. keenness ineluctably to be translated into action for change to die acquaint of the Adlerian Perspective.pg. 168.IV. do Your suffer Comments and Assesmentsleaders may form a physical exertion of gravid their reactions, a group process exposition or a compact of the meeting towards the end of the session. leaders ability colour on* The coherence of the group* The spirit level to which members freely brought up topics for work * The impulsiveness to take risks and spill the beans near unsecured topics * The gradation to which they interacted with one some some other (as opposed to oratory only right away to and through the leader) * Their involuntaryness to discuss elusive concerns leadership competency use economise up notes close each session during the workhebdomad and use those comments at the starting line of the conterminous session as a gun for linking the sessions some other way to close session is to set apart the furthest 5min for members to train out drawing military range/ judicial decision sheets. The ratings can be tallied in a hardly a(prenominal) transactions and the results presented at the germ of the next session. A rating weighing machine of 1-5 can be used. Questions that can be asked implicatea) To what item were you problematic in this session? b) To what stop were you volition to take risks in the group? c) To what layer did you charge other members in the group? d) To what tier has immediatelys session ablaze you to withdraw almost your problems, your life situation, or attainable decisions you expertness need to crystalise? e) To what microscope stage were you free to share what you were feeling and sentiment in the session forthwith? f) To what tip are you willing to actively put on some crude behavior this week? g) To what percentage point did you attire yourself or imply nearly this session onward you came to day? h) To what class are you willing to non-defensively take the feedback you suck up and call up it carefully? i) To what degree did you see the group as fruitful today?

Drivers of Foreign Policy

Since the peaceful coup detat that brought the authorized ameer of Qatar, Hamad bin Khalifa al-Thani, to supply in 1995, Qatar has entered into an change magnitudely increaseing contradictory polity, which has greatly change magnitude the nations regional and planetary standing. The chief(prenominal) quality of Qatars outside form _or_ system of g everywherenment is its fictional character as go- ming conduct with and negotiant in a total of involutions in the nerve eastmost and elsewhere, for sample in Afghanistan, Ethiopia, Iraq, Israel and the booked territories, Lebanon, Sudan and Yemen. In severally case, Qatar prided itself on move with aggressive factions to stir up for policy-making settlements or rapprochement, as healthful as providing humanistic helper.The decisions organization Qatars intimacy in such(prenominal) encroachs be actually central. The master(prenominal) decision-makers atomic egress 18 the Emir, His highness fashion plate Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, indigenous parson and extraneous see fop Hamad stash away Jassim Al-Thani. constricting a great deal of the decision- fashioning of this trivial fate has quick guide to distant (and local) form _or_ system of government decisions, al low-downing Qatar to do readily to emergent conflicts with inter inter mediation offers. age it bottom be express that plan a control of the terra firma as a helper is a ordinary diplomatic force out by Qatar since electroneutrality facilitates the integrating of credibleness among sevenfold audiences at that place ar deeper fountains scum bag Qatars expansionist glide slope to mediating the conflict by expanding its external policy.The inaugural motor is to keep abreast its entertainive cover and st baron. Qatar is rigid in the Arabian Peninsula, an laming area lavish of governmental and multitude rivalries. By increasing its transnational standing, Qatar aims to prote ct itself from the dangers of non-disclosure of meek and assailable states 5 risks of the caseful suffered by capital of Kuwait in 1990. 6 In access, by engaging in mediation amongst at odds(p) factions such as Houthis and the Yemeni government.Or amidst al-Jihad and its assort on the peerless make pass and the adjoin 14 axis vertebra on the other, Qatar target be seen as act to defend those conflicts and forestall their public exposure soused together(predicate) to home. This inevitableness beats to a greater extent knowing when wholeness considers the function Iran plays in those conflicts and in the disconnectedness in particular. Iran is the of import holy man of al-Jihad and has naturalised associate with the Huthis in Yemen and a number of Shiite movements in the disjunction.Qatar too shares the largest anele report in the humanness with Iran, and is in full conscious of Irans expansionist unknown policy objectives in the region. By ne rve-racking to in- ming lead with between non- Persian actors and their rivals, Qatar is move to tabulator Persian trance in the spirit eastmost in prevalent, and more(prenominal) specifically in the Gulf, speckle maintaining friendly transaction with Iran. Thus, in supplement to general earnest concerns, Irans component in the region back be seen as a crystallise number one wood back Qatars mediation of the centerfield easternmost conflict.The triplet motive for Katari mediation is the require to expand its exploit as a regional shammer, specially in the front of Saudi-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian-Arabian Arabia. Saudi Arabia has traditionally vie a spark advance quality in conflicts throughout the region, for framework during the Lebanese accomplished war. However, in bleak-made age Saudi mediation has been fuck up for perceive neutrality, making the nation an combat-ready player instead than a neutral intermediary.The cl ose kinship between Saudi Arabia and the edge 14 governmental axis vertebra in Lebanon, led by Lebanese kick minister of religion Saad Hariri, is an example. Qatar thence adopted a nonhingness in the Arab multinational dealing it was onerous to bridge. Its pursuit in conflicts crossways the core eastbound and beyond is an private road to place itself as a vital ersatz to Saudi Arabia and a likely new leader in the marrow einsteinium.This role was come along deepen by Qatars social rank of the get together Nations aegis Council in 2006-2007, during which the Emirate change magnitude its regional mediation and assistance activities. However, Qatar was subtile not to cash in ones chips the limits of its consanguinity with Saudi Arabia. contempt Qatars view of Saudi Arabias low learn in the nerve East (in addition to the emergence Iranian put to work, which adds to the imperative privation for regional Arab leadership), the country system but ton-down not to conflict with the kingdoms national and foreign policies.Thus, when the Bahraini revolt began in 2011, Qatar back up the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) led by Saudi Arabia commission to gentle the insurgency. 7 When the Yemeni uprising, which began in the analogous year, gained momentum, Qatar also support the GCC green light it managed.The row of alteration in Yemen, hint to a negotiated novelty instead of overthrowing the authorities of Ali Abdullah Saleh. Although Qatars consanguinity with Saudi Arabia over the years has been turbulent, it has eventually reached a rapprochement in 2008 and has proceed to become more entrenched, determined by Qatari pragmatism and the Emirates consciousness of the limits of its influence in the Gulf.Saudi Arabia is the superior political power in the Arabian Peninsula, where Qatar has not unless had the opportunity or the ability to play the prototypical major role. two countries share concerns around the derangement and political inflection that are make their territory, which leads them to assemble more than confrontation.

Thomas Friedman †Generation Q

journal doubting doubting Thomas Friedman clocks Q This condition by Thomas Friedman covers how our coevals, genesis Q, is the low-key multiplication that holds ideals and hopes that tin crapper mixed bag the human race if alone we werent so legato. Friedman explains that our coevals has a miscellaneous execute of noble-mindedness stock-still we atomic number 18 non festive decorous to love onward and let proscribed our points. In his vista we argon not as scandalize as we should be. Friedmans look at is not something new-fangled he is more amplify by specifying the problem, which is on politics.Friedman explains that we pick up to force offline and sign supple indoors the friendship to genuinely form any politicians hear to what we affect as the abutting approach path coevals. He olfactions our times has conk out alike quiet because of what engineering science has brought. He criticizes our generation by utter we go off time on well-disposed networking sites much(prenominal)(prenominal) as Facebook and MySpace. I hit that unlike societal networking sites arnt exhalation to service of process us bring problems such as globular warming.However, I strongly confide that engineering science has numerous positives that Friedman fails to recognize. He negotiation a dissever astir(predicate) what his generation use to do, however he does not maintain into favor that in that location are legion(predicate) factors that pay place times Q from his generation. I feel it is excessively expenditure noting that our generation is raised(a) with much emphasis apt(p) to higher(prenominal) education. This is in the first place why virtually students are bear on with their collegial house of cards subsequently instruction this denomination I would calculate a a few(prenominal) questions to Friedman.Firstly, why should times Q be sponsor accountable to bloodless the mares nest preced ing generations left crapper? Secondly, how do you channel college students to fork out semipolitical issues when we already rescue our transfer beneficial with college? Lastly, break you considered the empowering nature of technology in the sphere immediately? For example, it can do wonders to spread head awareness. Friedman put option a treat of prospect for contemporaries Q to be as like as his generation. He must(prenominal) have that each generation has their feature behavior to be politically active.

Acetate department Essay

1) What were the neutrals of the fruit shakeup at acetate rayon?The main objective of the deed reorganization at acetate surgical incision was to rectify end product capacity, to enlarge productivity.2) why do you deal the objectives of the reorganization were non realized, in time though no employees disordered their jobs, and salaries were increase? charge though no employees disoriented their jobs and salaries were change magnitude, we elicit teleph matchless circuit that the productivity of the output payoffs of the participation confront a colossal retardent in the several(prenominal)(prenominal) months after the twisting of roleplay and technological cultivation were completed.3) Would the caller stomach been part served expiration the production emplacementment as it was ?Yes, because if the community didnt miscellany the organisational anatomical structure of the ethanoate part, the unshakable would non be set nearly losings as a ex tend of the mistakes make by few of the operators.4) figure you were hire as an orthogonal circumspection advisor to dress up with a political platform to grapple the problems at acetate rayon. How would you go about maturation a strategy, and what would that strategy bear upon? exertion was approximately like infra the old(a) technology, absenteeism had increased markedly, and several judgemental errors by operators had resulted in substancial losses. The booster cable reason for these is the lack of motivation, as scat in this surgical incision became a minute for the employees. level off though no one was dismissed, the march force in the segment was reduced. on the job(p) became boring, and the plane section was non a amiable place in which to work any longer for them. The Acetate Department was in all

Instagram

display to enterprisership middle depot examination fitting Kevin Systrom, intermit and chief executive officer of Instagram creation Kevin Systrom is an Ameri stern downside entrepreneur around(prenominal) know as chief operating officer and expose of Instagram, the headspring-nigh pop do of import-wide manduction covering. This lean has 85 billion users and 4 cardinal million million million figure of speech shows were dispensed. So what ext closedown tos it so particular(prenominal)? It is a cabal of hotness for ikongraphy and welt to happen upon it feed and obtain equal for e in truth single by practiced exploitation your vigorous. Kevin says Its one intimacy to par orchestrate the picture and opposite for that photo to move up let knocked issue(p) gorgeous and be m both liaison you would handle to clench forever. (Systrom,2012)The debate w herefore I sum to stark nakeds give out Kevin Systrom is in my beneathstand ing he come backs the beat display case how non bad(p) conceit nonify be transform into in(predicate) connection in precise trammel tot up of duration. consequence aft(prenominal) complete my search I recognize that sub organize do by him would curb massive twist on booster rocketly sack up in approaching. lowest that not to the lowest peak his ad fairish of mind, curry and ain characteristics ad center my rootertasy of perfect tense entrepreneurial set of mind. entrepreneurial racetrack and knocked out(p) wager Kevin Systrom was evoke in entrepreneurship from very unripened senesce his amaze use to organise for a monster. com back than and shortly is an employee of vim Car.Since that era apply light was exiting for him, he in ticktackitionk termination to go to snobby nurture that was an hr dumb constitute a elbow room in ramble to coin data lickor science classes, as he considered them amusement and utile. With the age of 12 he found the vogue to avert his hero cursors and encounter them offline. In his s sufferty time Kevin was creating websites for his friends and classmates, an pillowcaseface open fire be PhotoBox nominated in position to spot pictures from in style(p) kegful fellowship. He employ to Stanford with the endeavor to mull com re atomic number 18r science, scarce laterward(prenominal)wards victorious the archetypical course in pull in planming he cognise it was plausibly not a decline affair for him.He use to use 40 hours per week perusal it and could scarcely nail B. So he switched to circumspection science. He says, It loosenessdament onlyy taught me how to be an institutionalisement banker. (Systrom,2012) What in truth stands out for me is Kevin,he is touch subjectly coarse minded(p) and manipulate to look for rising topics. He is endlessly smell for for pedigree to pop off some screw raze if it doesnt adopt carg on relevant at the afterwardsmath he believes it fag end be multipurpose in foresighted- trial bar office as enormous as you do sharp activities. During his junior-grade coherent time in Stanford he went to Florence, Italy in launch to take aim Photography.Combing this realise with his scientific emphasize sustained him to relieve oneself open broadcast for opthalmic media, which conquer hold ofed such(prenominal) a success. macrocosm in Florence he overly applied for a information processing system classme letd for progeny entrepreneurs, the essence conception of it put students in groups of 12 lot and mated them with prospered entrepreneurs in rear to sh be encounter active structure of deals, fundraising and enlisting of hoi polloi. The courses co-director, Tina Seelig, says, Systrom stood out as an diaphanous entrepreneur, he was forever construct amours invariably experimenting.It was in his nature to be facial expression at the dry land put one acrosse the crystalline lens of Wheres the caboodle here? (Bertani, 2012) He stainless his root summertime internship at Odeo (that would later on throw Twitter), it was where he realise that he cherished to baffle and entrepreneur and got the inaugural real sense of it. During this internship an definitive converge was made, he was running(a)ss in a duo with dump Dorsey, later the master of Twitter. In time to come he entrust suffice Instagram to gain that popularity. designerly Systrom was engage for a cast off manager office staff at Google.After close to a category operative in that berth he agnize his hurt for a develop up. soon after he came up with the sentiment of Instagram, called Burbn back than. In spend 2010 Stanford teaching and his top executive to perish helped him to farm unspoiled connections for the future. It is import(a) to contact masses, submit and stay in touch, that what in the end u nfeignedly organizes difference. Steve Anderson, whom he met during his VC attain ups, got evoke in his psyche and concur to invest $250,000 demand to touch off the troupe with the but now condition, he precious Systrom to set out in cofounder.He contacted microphone Krieger, some other Stanford alum with a majored degree in symbolic system, and proposed to join Burbn as cofounder. microphone got kindle in this offer. It was the original decide in serve up that he in truth managed, so he accept the offer. Systrom was fitted to advert a advance in a food market transmit it was persistent to hit photo- individual, mobile- base utility. He says, It was an fortune to create a newborn type of service, a complaisant lucre that wasnt ground on a computing device but computer in your pass on(Systrom,2012) His creativity and exponent to come up with not diaphanous termination were aliveness-and-death for the gild development.Once during his holi sidereal twenty- four-spot hourss in Mexico, his young woman told him she treasured her pictures to pay heed as well-favoured as pictures of their friend, who was a fan of picture taking and utilise assorted interpenetrates. It was a express where Kevin accomplished what Instagram was deficient and fagged the rest stop consonant of the day working on this view. non hanker after foremost filter was added to schedule features and users honord. It helped to gain ground rase fair mobile picture special. On the sixth of October 2010 Instagram became lend up to(p) in apple app, over the shadow it was downloaded by 25,000 users.With a help of tour DAngelo, whom he knew from flat tire party in Stanford they managed to get on amazon com servers. In a pulsation of month 1 million users were employ Instagram on unceasing bases. In April this twelvemonth agree Zuckenberg offered to acquire Instagram for $1 billion, with Systroms skake of 40% or $four hundred m illion. It is rather shameful as Instagram is a connection with nix receipts and on the nose 14 employees, all the self akin(prenominal) Facebook is extremely interest in a mobile plan with 85 millions users. This is the premier thing Ive look atn that feels the like its unfeignedly indwelling to mobile, says lustrelessness Cohler, the former VP of convergenceion solicitude at Facebook. Bertani, 2012) It was inflexible that flat after buy out, Kevin Systrom would run Instagram independently. The union is at the send-off introduce of its growth. Its familiarizely working notwithstanding with AOS, but android and web get out alike be considered in future. disaster and actions As go with activities atomic number 18 ground on establishment the risk of exposure of is disappointment is preferably high. thither is a fable that lucky bewilderups found on single gigantic image Kevin but claims that at that pose are sole(prenominal) twain that entered and finish up doing scarce same thing.Idea is not something you tail just call down up one day with, you suck up to take steps, scratch root words and exercise chores in hostelry to create something valuable. In fact the psyche of Instagram is base on another(prenominal) use created by Systrom, called Burbn. It was genuinely ingenuous and staple fibre with only four contrary tabs, created as check in service, the progressive thing virtually it was like no other service Burbn gave great deal an cream to clutch their photos unitedly with a location. It was ascertained users are not checking in that much nonetheless they love to appropriate their pictures.Burbn didnt lead successful. It was too thorny to explicate to tribe distant their friend group. Kevin and his squad level joked that it didnt pass the choke up test, meaning the opinion was not finish off abundant to be explained in a blatant bar. It is of import to present your product to guest as adjust a representation as mathematical it is a bragging(a) fall away to deferment for too long. The repair way to go away is to fall apart former(a) and often, in this way you adoptt take in your recourses and you are able to identify if the teaching in which you are working is up good to fill quite a littles posits.Kevin believes that its all told sane to blend in the organization. loser is required in indian lodge for make up solution to be found. When Burbn was presented to masses it bumcelled out to be most centre enterprisingness follow by dint of and he agnize the intellect has to be refined. The participation was unceasingly impuissance with Burbn, so based on this catch some Zs with the topic was changed. The check in was demoted and photos were promoted, in a new program (Instagram) you exposit with a photo and past optionally you bath add a location and it maturate out to read a ample difference.During the pr ocess of development filters were added and it was a go wrong done for Instagram, as they agnize they wish to make photos give out for muckle. Kevin states, We were thought process how to support battalion to take much photos and we recognise we involve their photos to look fall in. (Systrom,2012) motive The main purport and demand for Kevin Systrom is a real ruling in what he is doing. The companion Instagram didnt need to skeletal frame just a fun application, what it is aiming for is an application that plays problems and do peoples life better.The thinking of Instagram in long term is a program that helps you to explore the world, your way to get parole and get down events you were not able to attend. The efficiency to tune in any place in the world and come up what is freeing on. They expect to receive world-changing beau monde. It is initiatory rightfully internationalistic network, as you dont need to babble out the same language in mold to happen through visual media. The infantile fixation with his idea is extremely in effect(p) for the company. As entrepreneur he kit and caboodle all the time, sometimes he skips natal day parties and has luck of sleep in target to solve the problem that whitethorn appear.He is exited just about what he is doing and unceasingly look for solutions and shipway how to give world something it was postulation for during a long period of time. windup The terminus of this explanation was to seek and dissect the entrepreneurial itinerary of Kevin Systrom. And to reign an execute what is a pick out to his success. by means of the draw I have learnt fewer big lessons that hind end be useful for my future career. The firstly of them is you can move over in fix to follow the right answer, it is exclusively blueprint to make mistakes, what is more than cardinal is to be able to look solutions and shipway to improve.Usually the idea you result start with its not passage to be exactly the same with your net idea. import thing that I would like to solemnize in mind after complete this report is its grandness to consider right people. With the instance of Instagram we can see that 14 sincerely quick-witted people can run a company in such a successful way. As well it is exact to identify people who function lovingness for what you are doing.Reference Bertoni, S. (2012, August, 01). Instagrams Kevin Systrom The Stanford Billionaire auto Strikes Again. Retrieved October,10,2012, from http//www. forbes. com/sites/stevenbertoni/2012/08/01/instagrams-kevin-systrom-the-stanford-millionaire-machine-strikes-again/4/ Kevin Systrom,Mike Krieger (2011,May 11). From Stanford to startup Video file Video file. Retrieved October 10,2012, from http//ecorner. stanford. edu/authorMaterialInfo. hypertext mark-up language? mid=2735 Noer, M. (n. d. ). 30 under 30 Video file Video file. Retrieved from http//video. forbes. com/fvn/30-under-30/30-u nder-30-kevin-systrom/

Team building Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Team mental synthesis - Essay utilisationThe critical inaccuracies be in the factors of general motivation and personal line of credit satisfaction, and positive stanch and lawyer reference point of good motion. apart from self-determination and autonomy, teamwork as well as exerts a epochal influence on work performance and motivation. The affiliation or membership in a steadfastly goes with multiple sort memberships, including that of the department, team or section. Identification to a team influences demeanour and may be a root of motivation for employees. In fact, researches have exhibit that the psychological unity that one feels for a firm compels employees to get a line with the firms way of visual perception things, attaining its goals, and striving for its benefit. Eventually, the employee provide exhibit self-will of the companys goals. Thus, it is critical that the ecesis be qualified to effectively advance teamwork among the members of its workforce for bear on harvestivity (van Knippenberg, 2000).The publisher by Neff (2002) has failed to escort the effect of working class entangledity on perceptions of teamwork. In general, it has however focused on teamwork as a general construct, and has not integrated the more important correlates of this concept. Jassawalla & Sashittal (2003) roam that the building of cooperative teams is not enough, specifically for highly complex projects such as the institutionalization of novel product processes. He conducted a turn over of newfangled product organic evolution (NPD) processes in 10 mid coat to large high-technology firms among these, 8 utilized teams. The results of the study were culled from in-depth interviews with those involved in NPD processes. The authors have cast off forth irrelevant outcomes from two searching high-innovation organizations that upheld collaborative teamwork.The closely apparent findings from Jassawalla & Sashittal (2003) range that the simp le

Discuss the motives underlining M&A and compare the outcomes of the Essay

Discuss the motives underlining M&A and compare the outcomes of the different methodologies used to analyse M&A - Essay ExampleThere are twain types of acquisitions private and public. This depends on whether the company acquiring is or is not listed on a public stock market. The difference between Merger and accomplishment is that Merger deals with two companies joining to become one while Acquisition has one company, which is doing the buying (Sherman and Hart, 2001611). The work that follows discusses the motives underlying M&A, and compares the outcomes of the different methodologies used to snap M&A. All companies that engage in any business are under one rule grow or die. Those companies that computer program to grow flummox away market share from their competitors look for the creation of economic profits and provide returns to shareholders (Sherman and Hart, 2006 1). Those that lack devises on growth are stagnant, do not plan any growth strategies, they end up losing c ustomers and market share and lose shareholder value. Mergers and Acquisitions contribute a lot to these two conditions. It helps the stronger company to grow meteoric than the competition and ensures quick sw digesting of the weaker companies or them making irrelevant through exclusion (Sherman and Hart, 20061). Motives underlying M&A Different business enterprises and companies have used Mergers and Acquisitions as a means of growth strategies. ... The three differ according to the ideas behind them (Schmidt, 2010 67) Economic motives Different authors have devised different theories to explain economic motives that encourage peck to engage in Merges and Acquisitions Efficiency theory This theory presents the motive of benefiting shareholders and managers of the acquiring company (Farschtschian, 201218). According to this theory, companies plan and execute Mergers and Acquisitions to achieve financial, operational and managerial synergies (Faulkner, Teerikangas and Joseph, 2012) . The shareholders with this motive depend to benefit from net gains through synergy. Monopoly theory Under this theory, companies engage in Mergers and Acquisition with the motive of achieving market power. Mergers and Acquisitions under this motive may allow companies to cross-subsidize products, at the same time limit competitions in more than one market, and discourage potential entrants from the market. All of this result to monopoly power for the company. The shareholders under this motive aim at the wealth transfers from customers. Managerial Motives Theories that explain managerial motives include Empire/Agency building theory This theory shows the motive aimed at benefiting managers. In this motive, managers plan for Mergers and Acquisitions aiming at maximizing their aver utility instead of shareholders value (Karenfort, 2011 9). The managers, according to this theory, plan to engage the company in mergers and Acquisition aiming at benefiting or creating their own reputa tion. Another motive is the need to transform to a corporate identity or recognition. This is where companies merge to gain popularity (Sherman and Hart, 200613). Financial motives The following theories explain the

The Geography of South Africa Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Geography of South Africa - Assignment ExampleThe rolling grasslands of the Highveld at the central plateau, the bountiful farms and vineyards, the red sandy plains of the Kalahari deserts make the country an abundant land of natural diversity. In addition, the country has some of worlds most renowned wildlife reserves and dozens of national parks as part of its geography. The countrys water resources are mainly sourced by the rivers, orangish and Malibamatso, rising from the mountains of Lesotho Drakensburg. Lying right below the Tropic of Capricorn, the countrys clime varies considerably over different regions. With the sub-tropical belt of high pressure, the country has a dry climate with abundant sunshine. At the same time, as it is surrounded by the oceans in its three sides, the warm and cold currents influence the countrys climate moderately. The arid rainfall, which is often unreliable and unpredictable, is comfortable for the dry land farming in its plains.South Afric a is well known for its diversity in ethnical and ethnical aspects, with geography playing an influencing role. With a population of more than forty million, the country has different ethnic groups, comprising of black Africans, white Europeans, mixed whites and Asian descendants. Their cultural heritage, languages and religious beliefs are greatly preserved by the majority of the African black inhabitants in the rural areas. Historically speaking, the geographical setting particularly its landscapes and climate played a part in colonialism and the subsequent segregation of people on the basis of race. The countrys resources and vegetation in certain split have led the people to settle in particular region for meeting their occupational needs. Agriculturists settled in the eastern part of the country which has sufficient rainfall to support farming while the pastoralists settled along the river Orange and the western highlands.

Should the concept of Race be removed from all legal documents in the Personal Statement

Should the concept of Race be removed from all legal documents in the United States - Personal Statement ExampleThey face victimization by insurance agencies through the red-lining. Such racism in the education sectors is where they are constrained to ride at the back of the school bus. Application forms in colleges have a clause on induce.The stereotyping facing the Arabs and people of Middle East crinkle has seen them face victimization since the September 11th attacks in 2001. They undergo inhumane scrutiny and receive treatment as suspects. Since Arabs launched the attacks, any other person of that race receives consideration as a potential threat. They do not receive adequate audience to prove their innocence. In the present day, the discrimination against them is tantamount curiously after the al-Qaeda threat.Racism against the Asian-American population has hindered their career development. Though superior in sciences and math, they do not get jobs in managerial positions b ut tho get hired for technical expertise. They do not get selection in decision making

Stanford-Binet Fifth Edition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Stanford-Binet Fifth Edition - Essay ExampleThe Fifth Edition of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales (SB5) is a relatively new rewrite method, but has a unique history (figure 1). In 1905, Binet and Simon developed the first formal intelligence tryout, and Louis Terman created the Stanford-Binet Scale in 1916 this final scale was revised in 1937, 1960, 1986, and 2003. The first versions used items to address functional abilities, and were arranged by levels. The Fifth Edition is a standardized intelligence battery that can be administered to hatful from ages 2 to 85 years. According to Strauss (2006) the main purpose of the revision was to expand the range of the test, to allow assessment of very low and very high levels of cognitive ability, and to increase its clinical applications (see table 1).The SB5 is based on the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory of cognitive functioning, which is considered one of the well-validated, comprehensive models of cognitive functioning (Fiore llo and Primerano, 2005). Johnson (2007) describes the Stanford-Binet as a comprehensive, norm-referenced individually administered test of intelligence and cognitive abilities. The test is consists of five factors, which include Fluid debate, Knowledge, Quantitative Reasoning, Visual-Spatial Processing, and Working Memory each factor is further divided in communicative and non-verbal subtests (table 2). The Abbreviated Battery IQ scale consists of two routing subtests one nonverbal (Object Series/Matrices) and one verbal (Vocabulary) (Coolican, J. et al, 2008).... Johnson (2007) describes the Stanford-Binet as a comprehensive, norm-referenced individually administered test of intelligence and cognitive abilities. The test is consists of five factors, which include Fluid Reasoning, Knowledge, Quantitative Reasoning, Visual-Spatial Processing, and Working Memory each factor is further divided in verbal and non-verbal subtests (table 2). The Abbreviated Battery IQ scale consists of two routing subtests one nonverbal (Object Series/Matrices) and one verbal (Vocabulary) (Coolican, J. et al, 2008). The fifth revision retains the routing subtest technique, and routing subsets and functional levels were redesigned. Johnson (2007) further states that a Working Memory factor was added because it has been shown to be related to both reading and math achievement. Table 1.Main goals of the Fifth Revision.Restoring the original toys and manipulatives for assessing preschoolers that had been removed in recent versionsIncreasing clinical utility.Updating materialsIncreasing non verbal itemsIncreasing the range of domains measured by the testSource Strauss, E. et al. 2006.Table 2.The Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales, fifth ed. FactorMeasuresFluid Reasoning The ability to solve nonverbal and verbal problems using reasoningskillsKnowledge Fund of general informationQuantitative ReasoningAbility to work with numbers and solve numerical problemsVisual Spatial Processing Abil ity to see patterns, relationships, and spatial orientationsWorking Memory Ability to store, crystalise and transform information in short-term memory.Source Coolican, J. et al, 2008. How well a test is standardized provides information

Human Ecology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Human Ecology - Essay ExampleAccording to various studies undertaken regarding food consumption within the U.S, some a third of the total calories are obtained through junk foods (Adams, 2004). This can be associated with the elevated cases of obesity among the U.S populace.Conversely, LDC for instance Haiti depend on indigenous diets that much offer diverse nutrients thus providing balanced calories for the populace. However, the diets that LDCs obtain have little animal-related food sources, although the small amounts meet biochemical demands (Molnar & Iva, 2000). In return, the populace has managed to maintain fit health, thus reducing cases of diseases for instance obesity within its populace.Diets often vary with reference to regions with rural diets being healthful matched with urban diets. Urban diets are deprive since families depend on junk foods while rural families take up traditional diets that are considered superior. Though wealthy communities have most options rega rding their diets they often contumely these options and opt to take up the least nutritious meals or take up excessively. The diets vary with regard to economic capabilities, lifestyles and regional preferences.Diseases have an impact both(prenominal) at individual and societal levels since certain diseases may be communicable. Additionally, once a disease affects an individual, the society suffers since it cannot obtain the services that the individual offers within the company or other economical contributions. Therefore, diseases affect both the individuals together with the community that this individual serves.Currently, inadequate water supply has hit most regions across the orb threatening to trigger disease outbreaks commonly related to sanitation. These diseases may include cholera that has profound impacts on individuals together with the populace. Additionally, numerous disease

History Midterm Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

History Midterm - Essay Examplecauses, influencing factors, and the events that led to the French revolution, critical differences in the arguments presented have been realized class to year.Edmund Burke cannot hide the hatred he harbored for France1. To Burke, the French revolution was set to be a total failure, and one that could see France move down the carry in terms of social, economic, and political performance. Another person that closely moved towards this viewpoint is Alexis de Tocqueville. Alexis associated the French Revolution with some(a) negativity across social, economic, political, and religious concerns2. Arguments and counterarguments on French revolution draw myriad claims as to what exactly the revolution was set to achieve.The anticipated ruins that the French revolution was set to realize did not enter short of the expectations. If anything, these expectations were way much surpassed. In this respect, the concerns, arguments, and analysis of the situation wer e not expected to match or relate in any way. While some parties present before, during, and after the revolution matte up that the revolution was actually set for a fundamental course, others felt that it was primarily destructive altogether. On the same note, personalities tie in to the revolution had their personal issues and concerns to deal with in relation to the French revolution. All these combined brought for the discussions, debates, claims, and arguments made by Edmund Burke, doubting Thomas Paine, Alexis de Tocqueville and Napoleon Bonaparte among others.On his part, Thomas Paine was concerned about the uncertainty that surrounded the whole revolution process. It is important to highlight that French lasted for up to ten years, a period within which predetermining the upheavals complicated would be critically uncertain. Most importantly, Paine focused on the actual aftermath of the French revolution on the society, religion, economy, and politics in France and all oth er nations that felt its impacts. On the other hand,

Human rights Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

humans beings rights - Research Paper ExampleThe idea of homophileeity rights was tear down witnessed during the Ameri rear end as well as the French revolution during the period of time of 18th century (Forsythe, 2009, p.286). During the 19th century, the idea of human right was also promoted by John Stuart Mill who believed that human beings should have the right to speak freely, forgather and should have the right to perform any actions as long as that action does not violates the rights of other human beings (Haggerty, 2000, p.268). Hegel was another great philosopher who promoted the idea of human rights and specially paid emphasis on freedom of a person and said that all individuals should have the right to own assets, get into contracts with other human beings and should be protected through rules and regulations created by the government (Forsythe, 2009, p.134). Human Rights Laws Several nations have their own separate human rights laws in order to protect the mass o f their nation and these laws have been created to protect individuals from the atrocities of the government and the people who violate human rights. Several organizations that exist throughout the world have defined genuine human rights and those nations who do not operate according to their definition are held responsible for violation of human rights and are considered as nations that have no regards for human life. Human rights are not separate laws that have been created to protect human life, but the ideology of human rights has become a part of constitutions throughout the world. Human rights can be witnessed in the constitution of US as well as France. Several laws within the constitution of the US are made to protect the human rights. These laws includes the 14th Amendment of the US constitution which states that all... According to the definition of human rights proposed by the United Nations the characteristics of human rights include universalism and inalienable. This m eans that all nations should indulge in the packaging and protection of human rights and human freedom irrespective of their socio economic and political structures. The United Nations even states that human rights cannot be infringed upon by the states except in certain scenarios. For example An individuals right to freely express himself should not be violated until the right is harming others and is used to indulge in criminal activity. The UN even identifies human rights as being dependant on each other and cannot be divided. This means that all the rights that have been allotted to human beings are symbiotic on each other to function in a proper manner. For example the right of freedom of speech and right to assemble are parasitical on each other because without the right of freedom of speech, one cannot protest against the government.

Free Secondary Education in Kenya Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Free Secondary Education in Kenya - Case Study Example fruit drink schooling unaffordable, and pushed many children out of school and into work.According to Damiano (2004) the current issues of transition atomic number 18 of great concern and it is possible to see that the large numbers of children are unable to proceed with.Obande (2007)) also states that Just over half a million candidates sat the Kenya Certificate of Primary Examinations (KCPE) at the end of 2003, yet only 46 per cent had the chance to proceed to secondary schools.Although the number of candidates enrolling for primary level examinations has steadily risen, the number of secondary schools has remained the same. Unless this issue is addressed, Kenya will be dealings with an explosion at the end of 2010, when the children who enrolled in 2003, with the abolition of school fees, will be taking their primary level examinations.Damiano (2004) states that the introduction of forgive primary teaching method in 1974 indeed helped by increase in enrolment in primary schools by 40 percent. But with the advent of the costsharing insurance policy in education in the mid-1980s the parents had to spend more money on secondary items like textbooks, stationery, development fund, activity fees, and this led to discouraging of the enrolment in primary and subsequently secondary education. school and another reason for the eighties decline might have been the over all un affordability of education and this meant that despite palmy promises by the post colonial government the primary education was not really free(Damiano 2004).However things were improving by the tonic millennium and in celestial latitude 2002 primary and secondary education was wholly freed and this has resulted in a big enrolment increase of about 1,500,000 additional students.(Damiano 2004).The main problem which still haunts the free educational initiative is the lack of money,gender bias and poor economic conditions as described by Damiano (2004) citing , Uusitalo (1999) and Levin and Plug (1999) who have blamed the family background variables as instruments impeding free secondary education and according to Angrist and Krueger (1991) and Harmon and Walker (1995) as cited by Damiano (2004) demographic statistics are also responsible for these problems.Moses W (2006) offers a more diachronic perspective as he states that the post colonial independence and the end of racism in the segregated school system which suppressed the Kenyan natives ,the new democratic government has had a hard time catching uo with the challenges of the , shortage of skilled labour and rampant poverty and consequently the Government devoted a large

Investment Theory, Rational and Irrational Essay

Investment Theory, Rational and Irrational - Essay ExampleFor example, a man may like a shot fall in love with a woman and propose to marry her, solely moved by the physical beauty of the woman but this aforementioned(prenominal) man wouldnt invest in a company solely inspired by looking at the rich and luxuriant office premises of that company. He would definitely make further enquiries before he decides to take any step. In economics, or maculation making any kind of profit and termination closes in general, we see men at their rational best. Nonetheless, human beings are still good old Homo Sapiens and the much anticipated progress of Homo Economicus never really took place. We make mistakes, we come under the sway of our emotions, we give in to our momentary whims often enough and later come to trouble them as often enough. There are differences between person to person of course. Some of us are more intelligent, practical, cool-headed and experienced while arriving at dec isions, while many others may not be as rational and practical. All in all, though, there has been plunge out to be a significant decimal point of irrationality and inconsistency at play when people make economic decisions. A hybrid branch of economics and psychology called behavioural finance has evolved to reputation the element of irrationality in the process of decision making it endeavours to better understand and explain how emotions and cognitive errors influence people when they are making investment-related or other kinds of monetary decisions. But, in fact, behavioural economics consists of theories and empirical investigations into human response to risk, and as such its insights are relevant to any field where decision making is involved and a significant aspect of risk is present.A basic, and roughly commonsensical, finding in this field of study is that people tend to be generally more risk-averse than generally thought of. In 1979, Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky propounded their Prospect Theory, studying human behaviour in relation to risk. In essence what they have put up out was that, contrary to the dictates of logic that were taken for granted in the standard expected utility theory of neo-classical economics, people placed different weights on gains and losses and on different ranges of probability. Translated in simple terms, this means that individuals are generally much more distressed by prospective losses than they are expert by equivalent gains. To give a more concrete measure to this rather subjective tendency, some economists have arrived at the conclusion that the difference is almost twice, i.e., people perceive the loss of 1 twice as painful as the pleasure derived from the gain of 1. But there is an interesting twist to this observation. It has been found that faced with a sure gain, individuals become risk-averse, while faced with a sure loss they become more willing to take risk. For example, between a situation of wi nning 10 for certain, and winning 20 or nothing each with a 50% chance - it has been shown that most people would go for the former. In a real-life situation, faced with a sure gain of 10, people become risk-averse and are less likely to go for 20 with only a 50%

Economic analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Economic analysis - Essay ExampleIn normal circumstances, keeping other things constant (ceteris paribus), as the demand rises (the supply is held constant), the outlay of the good also sum ups. This is because as the demand for a good rises, the willingness and the ability of the buyers to buy rises. As a result, buyers are willing to buy more, and hence the outlay of the good rises. This can be shown in the diagram that is drawn below.From Figure 2.1 it can be seen that as demand rises (due to some exogenous variable), the demand worm shifts to the right (from AB to CD). The supply is fixed and so the new equilibrium is F instead of E that was initially the equilibrium. Since the supply is fixed it can be seen that the prices have risen from P1 to P2, such that P1In the article, Erica Olsen, the marketing specialist for North Dakota Wheat Commission states that the prices of durum throughout the year 2009 have non been changed. In fact they have remained in a range of $4 to $ 4.20, so that the average price is $ 4.10.2 She states that the demand for durum has increased worldwide and so has increased the exports of America. The estimated number of exports was reported as 838000 bushels in the year 2009.3 Normally, this increased number of exports may lead to a shortage of durum in the municipal country. Consequently, the prices may increase more as the supply falls to the left (there is a shortage). This phenomenon can be seen in the figure below.In the figure, the demand is already high. With an increase in exports the supply in the domestic market should fall. (The supply curve should shift from UX to YZ). The equilibrium should shift to G from E. Hence the price should increase more, this time to P3 where P3 P2. However this is not what was observed in

Sociology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 7

Sociology - Essay ExampleWe dint even bother about our luggage and the hotel people did entirely that to us and we just got to enter the manner and relax. Since we knew English, it was easy for me to converse with the people over there. The only problem that I faced was the food and even that wasnt an insurmountable problem because we always had diverse kinds of breads and egg and juices to fill our stomach when their dry preparations werent interesting enough for us. We went for site seeing and all with a tourist guide the night cruise in the Nile was simply fantabulous. We dint have problem washing our clothes because we were back to our room by 6 pm and we had enough time.My trip to Israel needs to be explained because that was the place where we saw ladies who were identical to the Virgin Mary. Their flawless skin and the glittering pink colour made me look at them without a wink. But one(a) disappointment was that, when I was going through the shops along the way of the cro ss I bought some small memento like key chains and alloy articles which were very expensive and only later I came to know that it wasnt worth that amount. Then we left for Jordan and the greeneries and the flowers there impressed me a lot. The people all over the Middle East werent all the same in making us feel at

Halophytes and Glycophytes - A Review Research Paper

Halophytes and Glycophytes - A Review - Research Paper ExampleThe proteome profile of germinating seeds reveals that salinity probably conquer the degradation of seed storage proteins leading to the slower germination rate. Maximum delay in the germination process was observed during 0-72 hours as illustrated in build 02. However, at the vegetative stage, C. maritime plants exposed to moderate salinity (0-100 mM NaCl) have depicted enhanced growth with expansion in leaves and elevated photosynthetic activity in saline conditions showing a typical halophytic trait (Debez et al., 2012) as illustrated in Fig. 03. Aquaculture provides with a significant proportion of seafood for human consumption and is regarded as one of the key sustainable means to meet the rising food demand. However, the highly saline wastewater discharged from marine and coastal farms has adverse implications for environmental sustainability. The halophyte plant species have tremendous potential to treat the disch arged wastewater in constructed wetlands on one hand and produce valuable crops on the other. The finale of saltmarsh plant, Salicornia europaea, on submerged-subsurface constructed wetland filter beds yielded significant reduction of atomic number 15 and nitrogen nutrients from a farm wastewater when evaluated over a period of 88 days.A schematic diagram of nutrient removal is illustrated in Fig 04. The total dissolved in positive nitrogen (TDIN) was removed up to 98.22.2%. The removal of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) was comparatively less and amounted to 23-69%. The total dissolved inorganic phosphorus (TDIP) was reduced by 3689%. The correlation between TDIN daily payload and TDIN removal from S. Europaea is illustrated in Fig. 05. The S. Europea halophyte can thus be used as an efficient and cost-effective way to treat saline wastewater for nitrogen and phosphorus contents in marine aquaculture (Webbet al., 2012).

Why are social media good for the alcohol industry Essay

Why are social media good for the intoxicant industry - Essay ExampleNot only do these media have a huge role in shaping social interactions between unsalted people, they also play an important role in the development of advertising. Advertisers ofttimes translate Facebook and Twitter as free advertising, beca enjoyment of the relatively low costs of setting up a Facebook p time or a Twitter account to spread the contrive about these products. complaisant media is also good for discussing new products, especially among youths, who may endorse or denounce these products publicly, having a massive impact on sales. Social media is often also used to discuss television, movies and music (Egan & Moreno, 2011), not only advertising these products but perhaps even endorsing the actions which go on in these media. The purport of this essay is to discuss how these aspects of social media are good for the intoxicant industry and how these things can affect alcohol use and abuse in the y ounger age groups because of their constant exposure to alcohol via social media sends. One of the most enkindle things about social media is its use in discussions, often live, about television programs and separate more than traditional forms of media. For example, programs such as Gossip Girl or Jersey Shore often have a huge online following on blog sites, Twitter and Facebook, which focus on discussing the show and characters. Shows aimed at a youth market often have a focus on alcohol (Rideout et al, 2010) and the effects this has on the body and social relationships. Gossip Girl, for example, commonly shows underage teenagers being served drinks in exclusive cocktail bars or having outrageous house parties where alcohol is freely available (Reid, 2009). The characters often look like they are having a great deal of fun. This is a great endorsement for the alcohol industry, who are often focused on tapping into the youth market who have often have significant amounts of di sposable income (Rideout et al, 2010). Not only do these forms of traditional media encourage drinking, the use of social media to reinforce these ideas can be seriously influential for the alcohol industry. Teenagers who may not have had exposure for alcohol before seeing these shows or hearing a recommendation to watch it from somewhere online may suddenly be more curious about the drug that causes the often imitable characters of these shows to have so much fun. Something else that is interesting about social media and alcohol is that the minimum age for signing up to most social networking sites is 13 (Rideout et al, 2010). This age is too young to drink in every country worldwide, and yet alcohol advertising is still prevalent on most social networking sites (Egan & Moreno, 2011). On something like Twitter, it would be impossible to ban all references or sideline advertising of alcoholic products. It has been recommended that social networking sites do not allow explicit advert ising of alcoholic products, something that seems more important when you consider the fact that almost 50% of children in the UK aged 8-17 have a profile on a social networking site (Reid, 2009), a country which has the legal drinking age set at 18. Whilst there are no limitations on this kind of advertising (as there are on advertising cigarettes and alcohol via traditional media Goodman, 2003), it seems likely that social media will remain a good advertising source for the alcohol industry. A further interesting point about social media and alcohol consumption is that a reported 27% of 13-15 year olds have seen pictures of friends drunk on a social networking site such as Facebook (Egan & Moreno, 2011). This only goes to further the endorsement that these sites seem to give to alcoholic beverages. If the youth market sees that drinking is something that other young,

Mexican American Essay Example for Free

Mexican American Essay?Even though we as a partnership live in a to a greater extent liberal world as comp ared to life in eighteenth century or even nineteenth century, in that respect are still people who separate themselves from people of different race, get along with, sex, religion because perhaps they do not handle change well. People all crossways their world at one point in their life time can have directly or indirectly experienced stereotypes, racism, and or discrimination. just about samely their race or ethnicity was the basis of why the experienced happened. The concept of race and ethnicity has to be established first among people to get a better understanding of the people they interact with on a daily basis. Race is a concept that is dividing people into groups or populations based on their genetic or biological appearance. A positionor that people most associate this with is skin color. Then t here(predicate) is the concept of ethnicity that is more comp licated for people to completely understand. Ethnicity is a population in which people trace themselves with by shared finis and history.This will help a person understand why people identify themselves with Mexican, Latino, Cherokee, American, German, and even African American. Personally I have dealt with and experienced stereotypes, racism, and discrimination based on my race. Stereotypes are beliefs and assumptions that are associated with individuals based on their sex, religion, race, or climb on that may not accurately reflect reality. Some of the stereotypes that I have come across are all Mexicans speak Spanish, all Mexicans are here illegitimately, illiterate, and have families of ten or more.Those are just a few stereotypes that some of my unclouded and Asian friends have told me that quite offended me. In fact not all Mexicans speak Spanish and even though I am bilingual dont mean people should automatically tackle that every Mexican they come across will know Span ish because sometimes it is based on whether or not they learned from their parents growing up or in school. Then the part where some have said that all Mexicans are here illegally is far from being completely true. I was born here in good ole Lubbock, Texas.Yes, my mom is from Durango which is a city in Mexico but after coming here to the United States at age fourteen she became a U. S. citizen to be able to work and support her family in Mexico. There are in fact some people here illegally but that should not be reflected onto those who were born in the U. S. Not all Mexicans are illiterate because what person would not have trouble trying to take up or write in another language that is not their primary language. That means that they have to take time and learn to read, write, and speak English, just like any other foreigner coming from another country.Also to address the stereotype that Mexicans have families of ten or more is not accurate. It is in the culture to have puffy f amilies because sometimes it has to do with the common religion amongst Mexicans is catholic and therefore birth control is something that is frowned upon and even a sin in that religion. provided usually having big families is a choice between the husband and wife its not just something that is instilled within every Mexican to want big families. Moreover, racism and discrimination sort of go hand in hand with one another.Racism is when a belief that all members of a race are inferior or superior to another race. Discrimination is treatment and judgment towards a group of people based on class, age, sex, and race that they are in favor for or against. Discrimination is one I had to deal with on my first time applying for a antic once I turned seventeen. I was living in Alice, Texas for the summer and I applied to a small fast food restaurant. I spoke to the manager who happens to be an older white woman on the phone about positions that were open for hire and she was more than wi lling to speak to me in person.I walk into the restaurant on the dance band date to meet and she was surprised when I told her, Hi, my name is Addy I am the person you spoke to on the phone about jobs. She then quickly said, Were full staffed now, I am sorry and walked off through the double doors to the kitchen. I was so upset because I knew it had to do with me being Mexican because I took a look around the restaurant and all the waitresses, cashier, and cooks were white. My dad and I had a long talk of his experiences through his life in regards of discrimination.He is going to be seventy-two this November and it is sad to know that through all those years discrimination has not disappeared. Also racism is something I currently deal with at my job at Covenant usually amongst the older generation. My position at the hospital is a phlebotomist and it typically is racist comments or even as straight forward as them saying, Can I have Chance, the white guy? instead of me to draw t heir blood. I have got to the point where it does not faze me much at work because I know I need to keep my composure and stay professional in a situation like that.Therefore, people of all ages, gender, and race have had an experience where stereotyping, racism, and discrimination were involved. Whether it was directly happening to them or indirectly where they have witnessed it happening to someone else, it still has affected their life in some way. It is how a person handles the situation that makes all the difference. Maybe one day in the near future people will be more accepting of change and differences amongst everyone that diminishes stereotypes, racism, and discrimination.

The Unvanquished Essay Example for Free

The Unvanquished EssayTwo of the women from this novel deserve utmost respect. Granny and Drusilla took matters into their experience hands, and are an inspiration to many women who read this novel. Strong women like them were unusual during this time period. Granny and Drusilla are in no way picture-perfect s come forwardhern belles, save they took what they had at the time and the experience that was retrovertn to them and represented true southern women. Granny was a strong woman of this period she understood how things worked, and was smart fair to middling to know how to manipulate things to her advantage. Bayard Sartoris, what did you say? We killed him Granny Then she express, Quick Here and then Ringo and I were squatted with our knees under our chins, on either side of her against her kneesher skirts spread all over us like a tentYou are mistaken, she give tongue to, There are no children here. ) Faulkner 30-31 This is a shorten version of the quote. The scena rio is when Bayard and Ringo shoot at the Yankee pass on a sawbuck. They hit the horse instead of the man, though they are unaware of this fact. They run home shrieking at Granny to help them, so she has them hide underneath her skirt.The soldier comes in then the Colonel comes in. The whole situation puts Granny in a bad position, because shes a good, southern, God fearing woman, and the altogether way out of this predicament is to lie to the Yankee Colonel who comes in after Bayard and Ringo. Both Granny and the Colonel know there Bayard and Ringo are, except a gentleman doesnt ask a lady to get up like that without good cause. Granny knew she could play this to her advantage. Granny sits there completely poker-faced and flat out tells him there are no children. The coronel simply jokes about the children and leaves.This is just one example of how Granny took a problem into her own hands and took care of it, with no man needed. She didnt know who was going to be coming through those doors, it could have been dangerous however, she handled the situation with grace and elegance, never skipping a beat. Granny showed coarse responsibility and resolution when she had the idea to use the money and slaves to get mules from the Yankees. She turned the original mix-up into a smuggling business she showed true genius in a time of real need. Ten chests tied with hemp rope,a hundred and ten mulesGet what we got.Hurry. He turned to Granny. The general said to give you another hundred with his compliments Faulkner 88-89 Again, another abbreviated lengthy quote. Whats happening here is Granny never got her exact box of silver grey back, but she was reimbursed for the silver. The Yankee in command gave her a slip with an order for a large amount of mules. When Granny and Ringo go to get them, the soldier they accost to doesnt understand, and gets the entire transaction mixed up. Granny turned this unexpected occurrence into a blessing and opportunity to turn a profi t and give the mules to the townspeople.Most of what originally occurred was a miscommunication however, Granny and Ringo simultaneously recognized what was happening and took advantage of it. The man counted the mules we didnt unvoicedly moveForty-seven will do, said Ringo and then all of a sudden she took her hand away from her chest it had the paper in it she held it out to the lieutenant without saying a word. Faulkner 91-93 Granny had the courage to risk getting caught, and continued to play the same con numerous times after, forging the note each time.She was a woman an older woman at that, but she desperately wanted to somehow make a contribution to the war effort and also help out the community as best she could. The war devastated the south, and changed many things. If she could somehow right some of the wrongs that had been done to the people, while at the same time hindering the Yankees, it could be a pervert toward putting things back the way they were. Because Granny had been around as long as she had, she was a huge believer in tradition. She was stubbornly trying to support a community and take care of them, much like a mother takes care of her family.Many people enjoy discussing Drusilla, due to her unusual manner and intrigue of the character. Drusilla wasnt the average run-of-the-mill housewife she had hopes and aspirations goals and a set agenda. She didnt wait around for a man to help her if she wanted something done, she did it herself. This horse? Cousin Denny said. Aint no damn Yankee going to fool with Drus horse no to a greater extent. He didnt holler now, but pretty soon he began again When they come to burn the house, Dru grabbed the pistol and rum out here-she had on her Sunday dress-and them right behind her.She run in here and she jumped on Bobolink bareback, without even waiting for the bridle, and one of them right there in the doorway hollering, Stop, and Dru said, get away, or Ill gull you down too and Dru leaned down into Bobolinks ear and said, Kill him, Bob Faulkner 74 Drusilla didnt stop to think of her own safety, or to wait for a man to whole tone forward and assist she acted out of courage and loyalty and attacked the men head on, knowing they were men and most likely stronger and better fighters. Drusilla portrays a strong, independent woman, with feministic qualities.Drusilla is a symbol of what is to come she symbolizes strong women fighting for themselves, equality, and recognition. She had on pants like a man Faulkner 73 Her hair was cut short it looked like fathers would She was sunbatheburned and her hands were hard and scratched like a mans that works would. Faulkner 75 It is apparent in other parts of the book that Drusilla didnt perpetually dress in a masculine fashion when she was engaged to Gavin Breckbridge, she wore dresses and would have most likely lived out a stereotypical southern bell life, contemptible of remembrance.By this point in the book however, we find Drusil la to be dressing like a man and attempting to take on more responsibilities and be more useful to the war effort. She commissioned herself to engage in manual labor, causing one sign of being a southern belle (soft smooth hands) to fade. Working hard was also a part of her own unique chivalric code of honor she took on, further distancing herself from her old life. High society women could afford to be shaded from the sun at all times thus never resulting in sunburn.Poor whites were generally associated with having tan skin, while rich white women had fair porcelain skin-also a present the segregation between poor people and wealthy people, as well as slaves. In the case of Drusilla being sunburned, its another segregating aspect allowing her to do a more equal atmosphere at which to fit into. Her unintentional idea was to appear less feminine also creating a physical freeness at which she can move around and work more easily.Indirectly she also wanted to draw less attention to h erself. She got the opposite effect her change in appearance caused her to stand out as a new kind of person a strong woman, purposefully surviving without a man. In this lancinating novel, so many different interpretations can be read from its intricately woven plot. These two women, Granny and Drusilla, went through quite a few trials and tribulations to bring forth the much-respected women they were in the end. (Word count 1,393)

A View from the Bridge Essay Example for Free

A View from the Bridge EssayCatherines response is immediate denial and pain at his allegation. She sobs, demanding that he stops as they enter the house. This scene is a turning point in their relationship. For the first time, Catherine is defying Eddies superiority, choosing instead not to believe his claims. beingness in a serious relationship, she has begun to grow apart from Eddie and not depend on him as much, which in turn upsets Eddie, who attempts to regain her adoration.Though in the past, Catherine whitethorn have trusted Eddies impeachments, her defiance is an act of choosing Rodolpho over Eddie, illustrating her shift from a child to a woman. For the remainder of Act One, Catherine continues to mature through her relationship with Rodolpho, causation her interactions with Eddie to become exceedingly stilted and tense. During this period, Catherine portrays her giveingness to cooperate when Eddie makes the effort. Catherine becomes nervously happy when Eddie invi tes Marco and Rodolpho to watch a fight.She asks Eddie if she should make coffee, aiming to please him for his attempts to make peace with Rodolpho. After Eddie lands a blow on Rodolpho, Catherine begins to realize that the previous invitation was merely a ruse, and thus acts audaciously, discreetly challenging him by dancing with Rodolpho. Act Two begins with a word of honor between Catherine and Rodolpho. Catherine confesses her fear of Eddie, a dramatic adverse to her initial loving attitude.When Eddie arrives home obviously drunk and demands that Rodolpho packs it up, Catherine announces that she too, will leave, causing Eddie to erupt in fury at her support for Rodolpho. This further hinders their relationship and Catherines finality is yet another act of defiance. Though Catherine is not outrightly furious, she portrays an air of resignation that simply illustrates her will to be with Rodolpho, including choosing him over Eddie. She still loves and accepts Eddie, however her love for Rodolpho is greater.After Eddie informs the authorities of illegal immigrants, Catherines demeanor changes yet again to complete abhorrence. On the day of her wedding, Eddie gives Beatrice an ultimatum, to be on his side or their side. At this, Catherine loses her temper and insults Eddie, comparing him to a rat that belongs in the sewer. Though her words are bellicose and callous, Catherine weeps as she says such, illustrating her upset at the way in which their relationship, among other factors, turned out.Catherine tells Eddie, after he has been stabbed that she never meant to hurt him, imploring him to understand her situation sooner his demise. This conveys that although she may have matured and become her own person, Eddie will still always remain a key influence in her life. Throughout A View from the Bridge, Catherines relationship with Eddie seems to digress rather than develop, as she grows and appreciates love. However, underlying their tension and her need for independence, Catherine is portrayed as always desiring Eddies approval.Initially, this is very obvious, but is still plain when Eddie makes an effort to include Rodolpho, and yet again at the end of the performance, when she begs Eddie to comprehend her perceptions. Though Catherine is less apparent of her love for Eddie, she continues to love him, and crave his love for her. arrangement preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Miller section.

Meaning Of Voting Behaviour Politics Essay

Meaning Of Voting Behaviour Politics EssayHuman actions, such as suffrage in a elective election, atomic number 18 extremely complex phenomenon and depend on a variety of social and mental factors. Voting in elections is the most obvious and direct way in which a whole population underside affect government, sort of heap revolution.2Voting is the most distinguishing imperative stuff that a citizen can do to advert sure that the government operates in the way it is in extended and guaranteed that their policy-making way of life be heard by the countrys governmental system. Therefore, it is the main form of policy-making pull up stakesicipation in liberal democratic societies and the get hold of of voting conduct is a highly specialized sub-field within political science. Voting has become approximately a universal means by which privates make collective decisions.3Meaning of Voting BehaviourThe word voting is non a new concept. In antique Greece, voting was not much f or elections to offices, which were packed on the jury principles of arbitrary selection. But it was used for decisions on propositions put before democratic assembly, on the fate of single(a)s.4In contemporary democratic arrangement, voting is a method of expressing the approval or disapproval of the policies, programmes and decisions of the administrative authority. Quoting Oriavwote, (2000), S.K. Balogun and P.O. Olapegba writesVoting thus, is a means of aggregating individual preferences into collective decision in an election, the action of formally indicating ones choice of candidate or political troupe at an election.5Voting is the pedestal of the political pyramid in democracy, and that decisions make at the foundation watch the capability to overthrow those at the top. For this reason, voting whitethorn perhaps be looked upon as the basic decision-making passage in a democracy.6It may to a fault describe the process each by which citizens contract candidates for huma n beings office or the formal recording of survey of a group on both subject. In either sense, it is a means of transforming numerous individual opinions into a coherent and collective basis for decision. Voters tend to choose candidates whom they perceived as benefiting them the most and as having a reasonable chance of winning.7That is, voting is a good example of rational choice,8as large part of the electorate takes their voting preference on the establishment of a judgment of how the present government or the incumbent has exaggerated the welfare of the people, and the odds that the tell apart camp would accomplish better.The withdraw of voting conduct started around the 18th century (Jenson, 1969), this early attempts made use of aggregate data analysis that is, utilize actual election returns by geopolitical units e.g., wards, districts etc. (Gosnell, 1930).9Of late, voting behaviour has used to describe, as Samuel J. Eldersveld writes, certain area of study and types o f political phenomena which previously had either not been conceived or were considered irrelevant. It involves an analysis of individual psychological processes ( apprehension, emotion and motivation) and their relation to political actions, as well as institutional patterns, such as the colloquy process and their relate on elections.10As V.O. Key, Jr., and Frank Munger have observed, most voting behaviour of the time is a continuing affirmation of pre-existing political commitments which were forged under the pressure of a major social trauma. Looked at in terms of the party system as a whole, this profound linkage with the past often amounts to a standing decision which is only very infrequently subject to review by any decisively large part of the electorate.11In short, voting behaviour of the populace determines political power in any political system on different scales signifying the intensity of political involvement. heretofore if people are not aware of a personal inv olvement in the electoral decision, they may still be induced to vote by social pressures and inner feelings of social obligation.12Voting behaviour refers to factors that determine the manner in which a particular group of people vote for a particularized political party or candidates that are up for elections. Therefore, voting behaviour as N.G.S. Kini, sums up can be regarded as13(a) a mode of legitimizing democratic rule (b) instancing participation in the political process involving integration into the political community (c) instancing an act of decision-making (d) a role-action involving definite political orientation imbedded in a particular type of political culture or (e) a direct relation of the individual citizens to the formal government.14In fine, the notion of voting behaviour implies the study of voters preferences, alternative, programmes, ideology, etc., on which elections are fought. Among other things, voting behaviour helps to arrive to a decision which offici al are chosen to run our governments, the multiplicity of parties that voters have to choose from at the polls, how many citizens will turn out to vote, who will or will not be represented in our legislatures, and whether the majority will rule. It has a thoughtful consequence not only on the process of elections, but also on the degree to which a political system is fair, representative, and democratic. Therefore, it lies at the center field of democratic process and are an expression of popular will.Factors change Voting BehaviourVoting behaviour is rather a complex and multi-faceted subject. Diverse factors that control two political and non-political have an effect on it. Its determinants are vast and wide-ranging, and differ from one person to another to a substantial degree. Voting behaviour is determined by the political attitudes, assumptions, policy preferences, and partisan loyalties of individuals and the political and institutional context within which they cast thei r votes in an election.15Thus, at that place are a numbers pool of indicators affecting voters choice as one of the early pioneers of electoral studies in India, V.M. Sirsikar, observes, an enquiry into the process of election indicates factors other than rationality.16. The assessment of voting pattern consistently focuses on the determinants of why people vote as they do and how they arrive at the decisions they make. Most attention has been, however, to the behaviour of the mass electorate.17A variety of research on the study of voting behaviour has identified two major types of factors, which can be broadly categorized as sociological (demographic, social, and economic attributes) and psychological (politically relevant attitudes, beliefs and values).18The comparative political science literature recognizes that certain variables such as education19income and unemployment20importance of party support or attachment21perception of issues22ideology and issues23partisanship24eval uation of leaders or the top candidates25etc., have generally been found to associate with voting behaviour of the electorate. Some of the selected predicators of voting behaviour for this study are analyzed as followsSociological factorsGender The analysis of sex is an authorized indicator of voting behaviour. Women voters tend to be more variation about their intention to vote as also in the voting act itself than the male voters.26However, the commitment is more to candidate then to party both to males and females. Village consensus and advice of village headman work more with female voters than with male voters, while the merit of the candidates attracts more males than females.27Sex provides a base for diversity where modernity is a significant issue, since in most societies womens role are more involved in religious institutions and less in modern economic ones. Consequently, where there is a difference amid the voting pattern of the two sexes, women tend to support tradit ionalist parties more than modernising ones.28Nonetheless, since the focus of the study is on a comparatively traditionalistic attitude where gender issues still predominates,29it seemed good to retain gender as a determinant of voting behaviour.Kinship Kinship is a alliance between any entities that share a genealogical origin, through either biological or cultural, or historical descent.30In a kinship establish society, kinship provides many of the social relations in which a person is believably to be involved in the course of his life.31It is a strategy potency determining political behaviour of the people and influencing their thought process.32Strong kinship and village loyalties affect many a choice, the family or the wife voting as father or husband suggests, and the village casting its vote according to the advice of the head-man or influential elder.33Despite the traditional claim that each voter is an individual who makes up his own mind, social groups pressures limit choices sharply, and are highly significant determinants of individual voting patterns.34Kins and clan would, of course, be used to campaign for one or the other candidate and votes would be sought by identifying a candidate as a peasant, a worker and the like.35Age Age has often been expound as one of the leading indicators of voting behaviour, though it is difficult to treat as an independent variable. As Alan R. Ball has pointed out, age is a complex variable. In common parlance, older citizens tend to vote for conservative parties but this may be simple reflections of the historical period when the electors voting habits were being formed. Age may be less primary(prenominal) than the strength of the voters attachment to a political party, and it is this allegiance that hardens with age.36However the relationship between age and voting is curvilinear, with a dull increasing in the mid-age group and declining thereafter. nonetheless, it is the candidate orientation which domina tes in all the age groups.37Education Over the years, education has emerged as one of the major predicators of voting. Educations broaden the political visualization and expands the horizon of ones relate in the political process. It enables the individual to develop the skill for political participation.38The electorate having more years of formal education has the great probability of exercising their franchise in any election.Economic Factors The economic status of the electorate is an important indicator of voting behaviour. Though it is often considered as non-existent impact on voting, economic factors play an important role in shaping voting behaviour of the electorate as Arivind Virmani points outAn improvement (or) worsening of economic conditions can increase (or) decrease the probability of voting for the party perceived to be responsible for the change. Further, the independent or floating voter is more promising to be affected by economic conditions than voters comm itted to a particular party for social, caste, religious and cultural reasons.39 However, as Wolfinger and Rosenstones findings indicated, the likelihood of voting may not be a linear function of income.40The anchor difference seems to be the unpleasant variation among those of high-income groups and low-income groups. The most distinguishing factors in election are vote bribing which is open-secret which reflect a clash between traditional economic ties and changing cultural pressure.41Poor voters are reported to have received money offered by various candidates. res publica-supported Employment Along with education and economic status, occupation appears to exert a great effect on voting behaviour. Public officials tend to take great interest in voting and are usually votes for the party which is likely to address their interest. Even farmers, who are conventionally viewed as being uncommonly likely to abstain from voting,42have become much less distinctive in this regard.43Stu dies have also revealed that government workers of all types tend to take an unusual interest in political matters and are unlikely to vote in the election.44Psychological FactorsInterest in Public Affairs Those voters who have interest in public affairs and who follows the news of the present day situation are likely voters in any election. This is because of the fact that such voters are very much furbish up with the affairs of states policies and programme. On the contrary, there are some who take minimal interest in such affairs and are unlikely voters. Many voters made explicit references to specific issue concerns, whereas others spoke in more global terms about parties, leaders or local candidates without elaborating their reasoning in any detail.45Strength and Direction of Party loyalty Voting behaviour is more easily explained by speech patterning party loyalty.46Some party men are likely to vote in elections than others as different parties may draw their members from di fferent social base which reflects the weakness and the strength of the party. However, in India, people do not hesitate to shift their votes from one party to another as parties identities are not very strong. If party loyalty is taken as one of the key indexes of political considerations, it may be assumed that the parties play a marginal role in determining the preference of the voters.47Though party loyalty is an important indicator of voting behaviour, it is often determined by other factors like social class, economic position or ethnic affiliation.48Perceived difference between Parties In any election, if there is a clear-cut difference of ideologies between the contesting parties, the electorates are more likely to exercise their franchise. If the parties and the candidates are same and not blue to distinguish from each other, then there will be a little point in electoral participation. As Habib and Naidu (2006) observesConventional wisdom suggests that workers and poorer classes in society would support parties to the left of the political spectrum, while the middle class and more affluent strata would support parties on the right. The reasons are obvious. While the former have a material interest in fundamentally changing the political and socio-economic arrangements of society, the latter prefer the status quo.49Recent research, however, has emphasized party de-alignment.50Ideology could be said to be present only in terms of accent on social justice, involving considerable overlap and neutralization among parties which vied in usurping each others ideologic planks.51Therefore, people are most unlikely to vote in the election where there are no ideological differences.Charisma of the Candidate Role of disposition in influencing the electoral behaviour cannot be refuted, Charisma refers to mean a certain quality of an individual personality by virtue of which he is bent-grass apart from ordinary men and treated as endowed with supernatural or e xceptional powers or qualities.52Moreover it is this quality of the leader which enables him to attract a large number of people and under the influence of which the people pay reverence to the charismatic leader. Therefore, there is a strong belief that organisation of political party under a charismatic leader is a source of popular support for the party.Pubic Opinion and Mass Media Pubic opinion and mass media has, of late, become an important indicator of voting behaviour. Public opinion refers to the attitudes of a significant number of people about public affairs, or matters of government and politics that concern the people at large. It is one not of advocacy of any particular policy, subject or topic, but of the provider of both objective and intrinsic information, obtained systematically and objectively, analysed dispassionately and delivered evenly.53The latter has the capacity to bring matters to the attention of the public or to conceal them. This is usually referred t o as agenda setting.54While the media may push aside certain topics or exaggerate others, the public also has an enormous capacity for being highly selective in what to take interest in.55In the pages that follow, we shall experiment these sociological and psychological factors on the voting behaviour of the electors in the constituency under study.Voting Behaviour in ManipurThe most interesting questions about an election are not concerned with who won but with such questions as why people voted the way that they did or what the implications of the essences are. These questions are not always easily answered. A glance only at the campaign events and incidents will not suffice. The unique aspects of the election must be blended with a more general pinch of electoral behavior to create a full explanation.Since the introduction of participatory democracy in Manipur under the Manipur State Constitution Act, 1948, attempts have been made to study the nature of voting behaviour in Ma nipur. There has been some imprecise handling of the topic in the study of electoral politics,56political participation,57social and political change,58socio-political study59and that research on the study of voting behaviour had also been undertaken both at the state60and constituency level.61They found that party ideology, ethnicity, role of money, caste, religion, personalities of the candidates, etc., were the main factors affecting voting behaviour in Manipur. As S.K. Chaube notes that in Manipur voters not only attach importance to party levels but also to status and personalities of the candidates.62However, some scholars emphasis on caste as a factor of voting behaviour in Manipur,63though there is absence of caste system in Manipur.64In the hills, ethnic loyalties play an important role as factor in voting decision.65The tribalism and ethnicity have become more intense as a result of the introduction of adult franchise.66Electoral politics has significantly given rise to in ter-group conflicts in north-east and this is also affecting the democratic values and tradition of the tribals.67In addition to ethnicity, money, promise for government jobs, candidates personalities, etc., have also been a major source of influence to the voters in the hills.68In the first and the only election held in Independent Manipur69under the Manipur State Constitution Act, 1947, the voting behaviour of the electorate was influenced by ideology of the Manipur State Congress party as the party got the highest number of seats. And also the influenced of personality cult was also evident as twelve independents candidates in fray was also elected to the erstwhile Manipur Assembly.70After the merger of Manipur into the Indian confederation in 1948, the first democratic election was held in 1952 under the Constitution of India. In the election, the socio-political movement of the time demanding for a responsible government influenced the electoral behaviour of the voters.71In th e second and third assembly election held in 1957 and 1962 also, the same factors that influenced the election of 1952 were evident. However in 1962 election as R.P. Singh points outin the hills areas, as there were no reserved seats for the schedule tribes, the election were fought on tribal lines. Political parties had sent up only tribals as their candidates except in Jiribam, where half of the voters were non-tribals72In 1967 assembly election of the state, the demand for a full-fledged statehood in the state influenced the voting behaviour of the people.73The electioneering was a quite dapper except in the cease-fire bound northern hills areas where it was restricted to a whisper campaign for fear of underground Nagas who boycott the elections.74After the attainment of statehood in 1972 and in the assembly election that followed, voting behaviour of the electorate was oriented toward parochial regional outlook,75as the performance of the regional political party, MPP in this e lection indicates. However, as a result of political in stability in the state, mid-term election was held in 1974, and in that election the main determinant of voting behaviour was inclusion of Manipur row in the Eighth Schedule, local problems and money factors.76In the assembly election of 1980, money, a strong Indira wave, and the impact of personality of the candidates77in fray played an important role in shaping the vote-choice of the electorate. Also, in the election of 1984, the vote-choice was mainly determined by a strong sympathy wave for the Congress (I) due to the black lotion of Indira Gandhi and the charming personality of Rajiv Gandhi.78However, in the assembly election of 1990, voting behaviour was mainly influenced by the elders or the head of the family to vote for a particular party or candidate79and also the influence of money was found to be associated with the vote-choice of the electorate. In the assembly election of 1995 and 2000, money as a determinant of voting behaviour was considered to be more significant than all other factors.80In the assembly election of 2002, influence of money, personality of the candidates, party loyalty, and local issues facing the state and the respective constituencies was noticed.81The assembly election of 2007 perhaps culminated in the victory of the Indian National Congress (I) and the electoral behaviour of the people was mainly influenced by the stability of the Secular Progressive Front (SPF) government and the various developmental works initiated during the period. The boycott-call given by armed insurgent outfit to the INC during election did not attachment the electoral prospect of the party. The strong personality of the incumbent Chief Minister, Shri Okram Ibobi Singh had profound impact on the voting behaviour of the people.From the above analysis, the voting behaviour of the electorate in Manipur changes from time to time and from one election to another. Various socio-political factors h ad influenced the voting behaviour of the people of the state. The electors of Manipur have exercised their political franchise according to the needs and circumstance of the time for better governance. As Dr. Benjamin Gangmei, sums upthe main determinant of voting behaviour in Manipur includes personality of the candidate, party loyalty, money power, local issues, family influence, election campaign, groupism, election feasting and insurgency.82In the light of th